Cerebral palsy Free Essay Example, 2000 words

In severe cases, excessive adduction of the legs makes application of the diaper difficult. The child may adopt scissoring posture when suspended by the axillae. Seizures are rare in these children and most of them have normal intellectual development (Haslam, 2000). The most severe form of CP is spastic quadriplegia. Children who are affected with this type of CP have motor impairment of all the limbs including the trunk. They have recurrent seizures and marked mental retardation. They have supranuclear bulbar palsies because of which they have swallowing difficulties leading to aspiration pneumonia. They eventually develop flexor contractures of the knees and elbow, developmental disabilities and speech and visual abnormalities (Haslam, 2000). Athetotic cerebral palsy: This is also referred to as extrapyramidal CP or dyskinetic CP. It affects the entire body and often causes uncontrolled, slow movements. It is seen in children who have suffered from kernicterus in the new born period (Haslam, 2000). Its incidence has diminished now owing to the aggressive management of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia these days. Children suffering from this type of CP are usually hypotonic with marked head lag and poor head control. We will write a custom essay sample on Cerebral palsy or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/pageorder now These children may have difficulty in feeding. They have drooling of saliva due to tongue thrust. The athetoid movements become evident at the age of one year. Involvement of oropharyngeal muscles leads to speech difficulties. Seizures and mental retardation are rare (Haslam, 2000). Ataxic cerebral palsy: This is the least common of the major types of cerebral palsy. It affects depth perception, balance and coordination. Hypotonic cerebral palsy: In this form of CP, the child is hypotonic. This form of CP eventually turns into either spastic or athetotic form. Mixed forms of CP: Children may have more than one of the 4 forms. Differential diagnosis CP needs to be differentiated from other conditions like spinal cord dysfunction, temporary motor problems resulting from closed head injuries, seizures, drug overdoses, or some brain tumors, muscular dystrophy, peripheral neuropathies such as Charcot-Marie- Tooth disease, osteogenesis imperfecta, progressive neurologic disorders (including Retts syndrome, leukodystrophy, and Tay-Sachs disease), chromosomal anomalies ( trisomy 13 and 18) and congenital disorders (hereditary spastic paraplegia) (Wilmington, "Cerebral palsy program"). Diagnosis The diagnosis of CP is purely clinical. CP may be suspected in a child in whom development of mile stones is delayed and the child has abnormal muscle tone, abnormal movements, abnormal reflexes and persistent infantile reflexes.

Critical Analysis of Problems and Issues in Education...

The School Voucher program was designed to give families a choice about where their children could go to school. The program offered a fixed dollar amount each year to put toward a child’s tuition. Their choices ranged from private or parochial schools, these are schools that many of these children may not experience otherwise. Charter schools were also options because they are run much like private schools. The thought behind voucher programs is that a sense of competition would be created. The hope is that a higher educational output and an improved level of education would be provided. Proponents of the program believe that children from poor public school districts should have the same opportunity for quality education as kids in†¦show more content†¦Although, the system would help some students they would not help them all, vouchers are offered in limited numbers. As each state works through this political quagmire, the debate continues. School vouchers are not the savior to public education that they set out to be, as long as the vouchers are not offered to everyone equally. Funding to public education continues to be under siege so allocating funding toward a voucher program that everyone can not access may not be the best use of these dollars. The assumption that a sense of competition may develop among schools for the best and the brightest may be true but what about schools that can not compete. What happens to the children that will be left behind? Is the federal government prepared to improve public schools that are suffering from lack of funds? â€Å"School voucher programs undermine two great American traditions: universal public education and the separation of church and state† (Anti-Defamation League, 2005). While researching the voucher system this writer found that there are several factors to take into consideration such as: is the use of funds for the voucher program the best use of educational funds, what happens to the kids left behind in the public schools who do not get a voucher or can not afford to take advantage of the option,Show MoreRelatedCritical Opinion On Critical Thinking1401 Words   |  6 Pagesface various challenges that require solutions. Most of the time we are able to solve these problems with minimum effort, at other times, however, the problems may be more complex and solutions to them may not be readily available. This will present us with various challenges and may require us to employ critical thinking. Critical thinking is an important skill burden of responsibility of ensuring the problems of a contemporary society are understood and well interpreted and a solution presented. 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My Most Beneficial Personal Quality Free Essays

I have taken advantage of the education opportunities presented me thus far to prepare for college in many ways. First and foremost I have ensured that I have enjoyed a wide variety of classes and electives to provide me the opportunity to explore as broad a subject selection as possible. Most of the courses I have focused on in my senior year have been college preparatory. We will write a custom essay sample on My Most Beneficial Personal Quality or any similar topic only for you Order Now College preparation however is much more than academics alone. I have also experienced many educational opportunities that exist outside the realm of traditional ‘academics’. These experiences have prepared me more so for my college experiences than my preparatory courses. I have for example faced many challenges while growing up. During my four years of high school I engaged in a variety of extracurricular activities and clubs that taught me much more about the ways that people interact and communicate than I ever would have initially assumed. Participating in many volunteer organizations and student achievement groups, I realized that not two people interact in the same way. Most people I learned are products of many different elements including their beliefs, values, morals and faith. One’s religious ideals, culture and even familial upbringing can all influence their perceptions on life, their ability and motivation to interact with others and their desire to achieve. With this knowledge I learned new and exciting ways to interact with people, even those that were very different from me and with those that held very different beliefs. In fact in most of my pursuits I found myself drawn to those with conflicting ideals and moralisms, in part because they challenges me to learn more about myself and question the beliefs I held true about the world in which we live. I believe it is through these types of interactions that we actually learn everything there is to know of the world. We need to rely on people that challenge us and our views so we open our eyes and get a better understanding of the world in which we live. I feel these diverse educational experiences while not academic, have prepared me for life in the university more so than any classroom instruction may have or will in the future. I bring to the University of California a unique ability to network and work personally with people. By far my most beneficial personal quality is my ability to build relationships and communicate with a wide diversity of people from varying backgrounds, cultures and environments. In today’s society it is vital for anyone to understand the importance of interpersonal skills and relationships both on a personal and from a professional perspective. More and more the world is operating in a global business environment. Modern technology has afforded people the opportunity to communicate from once remote locations. What this means is that people from all over the world with all manner of different morals, values and beliefs are not just communicating with one another but also working together to create a better world. As members of a global society I feel it is vital that we all have the ability to communicate effectively with one another. Sometimes this takes the guidance and direction of a true interpersonal leader. I believe I am possessed of those traits. I have throughout my high school career taken great care to interact with people from various backgrounds and ethnicities. I have participated in multiple groups, clubs and organizations that have enabled better exposure to different people and have helped me learn better ways to communicate with one another. I have also witnessed first hand what happens when communication goes bad, and have since committed myself to facilitating solid communications and interactions between people. I believe this personal trait will benefit the University of California in many ways. The University of California is one of the nations top universities; home to thousands of unique students and home of many of the nations top academic programs. Early on I knew that more than anything I wanted to pursue the best education I could afford. To succeed in today’s world business professionals and students must be possessed of a wide range of skills that are best learned in a University environment. I feel that throughout my life I have already faced many unique challenges and obstacles. I was not always a committed student, lacking the insight and motivation necessary to excel in my classes early on. However experience has taught me that little in the world is more valuable than an education. Every day on the news we hear stories of tragedy. Hurricanes that devastate infamous regions, terrorism that destroys the livelihood and communities of varying regions†¦ these are all modern realities we must learn to cope with. To address the often-turbulent environment we live in today, it is vital that we all commit ourselves to one another and our communities. I feel that I can best do this by excelling in my education. Through my university education I hope to learn not only of the fine nuances of other communities, but also about key demographics about the worlds’ population and needs entering the upcoming decades. How to cite My Most Beneficial Personal Quality, Papers

Business Strategy Long-Term Planning to Position

Question: Describe about the Business Strategy of Long-Term Planning to Position. Answer: Introduction The business strategy of a company is termed as a long-term planning to position itself uniquely in the competitive landscape of the industry through a sustainable competitive advantage. This report carries out the strategic analysis and evaluation of Rocket Internet by analyzing the resources and capabilities, threshold and dynamic capabilities, and VRIO analysis of the firm(Johnson, Scholes,and Whittington, 2009). 1. Companys Resources and Competences Resources and competences emphasize the strategic capabilities of Rocket Internet. Rocket Internet is one of the leading firms in the world for the largest rocket internet platform that creates, develops, and scales the business framework for the e-commerce companies or online businesses. It deploys physical (Physical lay-outs, start-ups investors, Kinnevik, JP Morgan, patents, designs, and database), financial (funds, balance sheet, cash flow, income statement, and suppliers funds statement), and human resources (MBA level graduates executives, executive entrepreneurs, managers, employees, suppliers, customers, and shareholders), and technological (computer system, internet system, and information technology)to attain a unique competitive advantage in the competitive industry(Hitt,Ireland, and Hoskisson, 2014). Rocket Internet uses technology, infrastructure, and process to develop a large rocket network of e-commerce companies or online businesses. The availability of skilled and talented workforce, multicultural management teams, specialized training schedules and learning programs, use of local management and global standards, and high performance working culture make the human resources valuable and enhance the performance standards of the company. By using the latest technologies, infrastructure network, and skills of the workforce, it creates a strong platform of e-commerce businesses through accessing the large e-commerce companies(Rocket Internet, 2014). (Source: Rocket Internet Company Report, 2014) On the other hand, the competences refer to the organizational skills and capabilities that are used to deploy the business resources through the technology, infrastructure, activities and processes of the company. The competences provide a sustainable competitive advantage to the firm in the competitive landscape of the industry. The competencies of Rocket Internet refers to target new business models, imitate them, high customer responsiveness, speed, efficiency, capacity to adapt, and innovation that provide the firm strategic advantage. It creates value through the transferring business skills, infrastructural support, internal incentive system, and independent business network(Alkhafaziand Nelson, 2013). The specialized training schedules, learning programs, high performance working culture, and e-learning studies assist to enhance the skills and abilities of the workforce.The ability of Rocket Internet to provide the high-end business solution to e-commerce companies and online businesses is more likely to provide a sustainable competitive advantage to the firm in the competitive industry. 2. Companys Distinct, Threshold and Dynamic Capabilities Rocket internet is one of the leading start-up incubator and venture capitalist firms which provide the largest rocket internet platform for the e-commerce companies and online businesses around the world. The company has dynamic, distinct, and threshold capabilities to attain the sustainable competitive advantage in the competitive global industry. The company is focused on sharing the largest possible share of e-commerce companies and online customer spending in the global markets. The dynamic capabilities of Rocket Internet includerocket network of e-commerce companies, highly specialized workforce, cross-cultural teams, technological infrastructure network, global access to online businesses, centralized business model, and high-end technological solution. It provides the high-end technological solution to the e-commerce companies and online businesses. The transferrable business skills, infrastructural support, global network connectivity, standardized master launch process, and proven business model enhance the strategic capability of the company to deliver the high-tech solutions to the e-commerce companies (Amazon, e-Bay, UBER, Grubhub, and Airbnb). It identifies the needs of the online customer spending, develops the business models, and scales-up the company. The firm has good financial (good capital investments and credit offering) and human resources (specialized and executive workforce, skilled and talented managers, assets, and properties)and techno logical infrastructure network(Johnson,Scholes, and Whittington, 2009). On the other hand, the distinct capabilities of Rocket internet assist the firm in attaining the sustainable competitive advantage in the competitive landscape of industry. It is the founder of rocket internet; first founded by Samwer Brothers(Johnson, Whittington, Scholes, Angwin, and Regner, 2014). It has powerful brand presence and unique patent and designs to deliver the high-end technological solution to the e-commerce companies or online customer spending. It has unparalleled experience in scaling the internet businesses at international level. It has highly structured practices, deep technical and operational expertise, and centralized IP with regional execution.It has a centralized business model which covers the strategies, activities, and decisions shaped by the management of headquarter. It is known for high efficiency, effectiveness, and speed for launching the new business models(Robertson and Caldart, 2009). It has a standardized recruitment procedure of HR management t eam to select the skilled, talented and experienced candidates. It also has an intense entrepreneurship culture including the long working hours, busier schedules, high job pressure, and little job security. It also comprises global infrastructure development system, centralized distribution network, and global venture development team for developing the business ventures on the international scale. The threshold capabilities emphasize the ability of Rocket Internet to achieve parity with the competitors and to compete in the given market by achieving the high customer responsiveness. The threshold competences of Rocket Internet include specialize in IT software and programming, unique patent and design, web design skills for product development. It uses the latest technological tools, web programming, software, and IT tools to access the global online businesses across the globe(Kumar, 2010). It has the ability of cloning on others ideas and specialization to execute them in the suitable markets. The firm has more than 250 specialists to deal with different sections of operations. It has assisted to develop, create, and scale the business model for 100 start-ups e-commerce companies and is currently active in 50 e-commerce portfolio companies. It has been operating a large rocket internet network of 25 global international rocket offices. Rocket Internet has a strong financial backup, such as JP Morgan, Kinnevik.It also has 750 employees in Rocket Internet office and 15,000 employees in Rocket internet companies. Task 3 VRIO Analysis VRIO analysis is an important strategic framework that can be used to analyze the strategic positioning of Rocket Internet by identifying the resource capabilities and competences of the firm(Jurevicius, 2013). VRIO refers to valuable, rare, imitate and organized resources or elements that can be used to attain a sustainable competitive advantage in the relevant industry. Different types of physical, human, financial, technological, and organizational resources are deployed by Rocket Internet to attain the strategic advantage in the competitive landscape of the industry. Speed, efficiency, scalability, stability, and security are the key principles for building technology at Rocket Internet. Excellent leadership, high performance working culture, good brand portfolio, teamwork, coordinated and well managed activities, strong financial base and innovative ideas are some organizational disciplines of Rocket Internet that make the firm to attain a competitive advantage in the global ind ustry(Frynas and Mellahi, 2015). (Source: VRIO Framework explained: SMI, 2013) The skilled, technical and experienced human resources have also potential to create a sustainable competitive advantage for the firm. Rocket Internet has a team of functional experts, regional leaders, and entrepreneurs that enhance its ability to global access by targeting the large e-commerce companies(Hill and Jones, 2012).The multitasking workforce, high performance working culture, cross-cultural management teams, continuous training and learning facilities, setting performance standards and performance appreciation and reward system make the human resources valuable to provide the firm a sustainable competitive advantage.The distinct capabilities, dynamic capabilities, and threshold capabilities assists the firm to attaina sustainable competitive advantage. The standardized launching system, innovative business model, internal incentive system, high-end technological solution, and rocket internet network of the e-commerce companies provide the firm the competitive advantage in the competitive industry(Grant, Hackney, and Edgar, 2010). Technical expertise, operational excellence, skilled workforce, technological inventions, wide use of informational technology, and high structured business practices provide the firm a sustainable competitive advantage in the dynamic industry. The predictable and repeatable technological resources, strategic partnerships and agreements, and consistent return across portfolio vintages provide the firm the strategic advantage in the competitive industry. High customer responsiveness and retention, high speed, capacity to adapt, innovation, efficiency, and effectiveness assist the firm to attain a sustainable competitive advantage. The organized and imitate resources provide the firm temporary competitive advantage. The worldwide connectivity, unique patent and latest designs, web programming and apps, IT tools, marketing channels, CRM tools, and data warehousing provide the firm strategic advantage to deliver the complete business solution to the online business firms(Thomsonand Martin, 2010). Conclusion From the above strategic analysis and evaluation, it can be concluded that Rocket Internet is one of the fastest growing venture capital firmsin the world that provides a business platform for the online businesses or e-commerce companies. From the VRIO analysis, it has been concluded that the company has strong ability to attain a sustainable competitive advantage in the relevant competitive industry by utilizing the resources, competencies, skills, and talents of the workforce.Along with this, the threshold, distinct, and dynamic capabilities provide its strategic advantage in the competitive industry. References Alkhafazi, A., and Nelson, A. R. (2013) Strategic Management: Formulation, Implementation, and Control in a Dynamic Environment. UK: Routledge. Frynas, G. J. and Mellahi, K. (2015) Global Strategic Management. London: Oxford University Press. Grant, K., Hackney, R., and Edgar, D. (2010) Strategic Information Systems Management. USA: Cengage Learning EMEA. Hill, C. and Jones, G. (2012) Strategic Management: An Integrated Approach. USA: Cengage Learning. Hitt, M., Ireland, D. R., and Hoskisson, R. (2014)Strategic Management: Concepts and Cases: Competitiveness and Globalization. UK: Cengage Learning. Johnson, G., Scholes, K. and Whittington, R. (2009)Exploring Corporate Strategy. Great Britain: Financial Times Prentice Hall. Johnson, G., Scholes, K., and Whittington, R. (2009)Exploring Corporate Strategy. Great Britain: Financial Times Prentice Hall. Johnson, G., Whittington, R., Scholes, K., Angwin, D., and Regner, P. (2014) Exploring Strategy [Online]. Available at: https://mail.google.com/mail/u/0/h/1eavvlwga9use/?view=attth=156b1fc3443226bdattid=0.1disp=attdrealattid=f_is5xr5pz0safe=1zw (Accessed: 23 August 2016). Jurevicius, O. (2013) Strategic management: VRIO Framework [Online]. Available at: https://www.strategicmanagementinsight.com/tools/vrio.html (Accessed: 23 August 2016) Robertson, A. D. and Caldart, A. A. (2009) The Dynamics of Strategy: Mastering Strategic Landscapes of the Firm. California: OUP Oxford. Rocket Internet (2014) Rocket Internet Company Report [Online]. Available at: https://www.slideshare.net/webrazzi/rocket-internet-company (Accessed: 23 August 2016). Thomson, L. J. and Martin, F. (2010) Strategic Management: Awareness Change. UK: Cengage Learning EMEA.